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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDesignofEarthenWallBuildingSystems
【原文标准名称】:土墙建筑系统的设计标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME2392/E2392M-2010e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E60.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:供选择的农产品;土制建筑系统;IEQ(室内环境质量);夯土结构
【英文主题词】:Alternativeagriculturalproducts;Earthenbuildingsystems;IEQ(indoorenvironmentalquality);Rammedearthconstruction
【摘要】:HistoricalOverview8212;Earthenbuildingsystemshavebeenusedthroughouttheworldforthousandsofyears.AdobeconstructiondatesbacktothewallsofJerichowhichwasbuiltaround8300B.C.Manyextantearthenstructureshavebeenfunctioningforhundredsofyears.However,withthedevelopmentofnewerbuildingmaterials,earthenbuildingsystemshavefallenintodisfavorinpartsoftheworldwheretheywereoncecommonlyused.Atthesametime,earthenconstructionisexperiencingarevivalintheindustrializedworld,drivenbyanumberoffactors.Sustainability8212;Asworldpopulationcontinuestoriseandpeoplecontinuetoaddressbasicshelterrequirements,itbecomesincreasinglynecessarytopromoteconstructiontechniqueswithlesslifecycleimpactontheearth.Earthenbuildingsystemsareonetypeoftechniquethatmayhaveafavorablelifecycleimpact.1.1Thisstandardprovidesguidanceforearthenbuildingsystems,alsocalledearthenconstruction,andaddressesbothtechnicalrequirementsandconsiderationsforsustainabledevelopment.Earthenbuildingsystemsincludeadobe,rammedearth,cob,castearth,andotherearthenbuildingtechnologiesusedasstructuralandnon-structuralwallsystems.Note18212;Otherearthenbuildingsystemsnotspecificallydescribedintheseguidelines,aswellasdomed,vaulted,andarchedearthenstructuresasarecommoninmanyareas,canalsomakeuseoftheseguidelineswhenconsistentwithsuccessfullocalbuildingtraditionsorengineeringjudgment.1.1.1Therearemanydecisionsinthedesignandconstructionofabuildingthatcancontributetothemaintenanceofecosystemcomponentsandfunctionsforfuturegenerations.Onesuchdecisionistheselectionofproductsforuseinthebuilding.Thisguideaddressessustainabilityissuesrelatedtotheuseofearthenwallbuildingsystems.1.1.2Theconsiderationsforsustainabledevelopmentrelativetoearthenwallbuildingsystemsarecategorizedasfollows:materials(productfeedstock),manufacturingprocess,operationalperformance(productinstalled),andindoorenvironmentalquality(IEQ).1.1.3Thetechnicalrequirementsforearthenbuildingsystemsarecategorizedasfollows:designcriteria,structuralandnon-structuralsystems,andstructuralandnon-structuralcomponents.1.2Provisionsofthisguidedonotapplytomaterialsandproductsusedinarchitecturalcaststone(seeSpecificationC1364).1.3ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewiththestandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:P24
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Hydraulicfluidpower-Singlerodcylinders,16MPa(160bar)compactseries-Portdimensions
【原文标准名称】:液压传动单杆缸、16MPa(160bar)小型系列单杆液压缸油口尺寸
【标准号】:ISO8138-1998
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1998-06
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC131
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:液压缸;开口;液压传动;流体动力缸;尺寸;液压设备;活塞杆;互换性;定义;定义
【英文主题词】:Definition;Definitions;Dimensions;Fluidpowercylinders;Hydrauliccylinders;Hydraulicequipment;Hydraulicfluidpower;Interchangeability;Openings;Pistonrods
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardestablishesportdimensionsfor16MPa(160bar)compactseriescylindersasrequiredforinterchangeabilityofcommonlyusedhydrauliccylinders.NOTE—ThisInternationalStandardallowsmanufacturersofhydraulicequipment,freedomindesignofmetriccylinders;itdoesnotrestricttechnicaldevelopmentbutprovidesbasicguidelines.Thecompactseriesdimensionsaremostapplicabletosquareheadcylinders.ThisInternationalStandardwillbeincorporatedintothenexteditionofISO6020-2.note:1)ThisInternationalStandardadmitsallISOapprovedportsthatareappropriatetofluidpowerapplications.2)1bar=0,1MPa=10Pa;1Pa=1N/m.
【中国标准分类号】:J20
【国际标准分类号】:23_100_20
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:英语